How long does a domestic violence restraining order last?

What the Law Says

California law sets clear timeframes for domestic violence restraining orders — from temporary emergency orders to long-term protective orders.

When someone files for a domestic violence restraining order (DVRO) in California, the court may first issue a Temporary Restraining Order (TRO). This TRO is effective immediately and lasts only until the court hearing — which must be scheduled within 21 days (but often occurs within 10–21 days) of the request.

At the hearing, the judge decides whether to issue a permanent restraining order. Under California law, this 'permanent' order is not truly permanent — it lasts for up to five years from the date it is issued. The court may set a shorter duration if appropriate, but five years is the maximum initial term.

After the five-year period ends, the protected person may ask the court to renew the order for another five years — or even indefinitely — if they show 'good cause' that the restraint is still necessary to prevent further abuse.

Statutory Text

The court may issue a restraining order that is effective for up to five years from the date of issuance.

— Family Code § 6345(a) — Duration of restraining order

Statutory Text

The court may renew a restraining order… for an additional period of up to five years… if the petitioner shows good cause.

— Family Code § 6345(a) — Duration of restraining order

Statutory Text

The court shall schedule a hearing on the petition… within 21 days…

— Family Code § 6320(b) — Issuance of temporary restraining order

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