CanadaWhat is a pre-removal risk assessment and when can I apply for one?
A pre-removal risk assessment (PRRA) is a process that lets you show why you should not be removed from Canada due to risks you’d face back home. You can apply for one only after being refused refugee protection and before removal.
What the Law Says
The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) sets out who may apply for a pre-removal risk assessment and when.
A pre-removal risk assessment (PRRA) is a safeguard for people who have been refused refugee protection in Canada but believe they would face danger if returned to their country — such as torture, cruel or unusual treatment, or a risk to life.
Under section 112 of the IRPA, only certain individuals are eligible: those who have already had their refugee claim rejected by the Refugee Protection Division (RPD) or the Refugee Appeal Division (RAD), and who are subject to a removal order.
The PRRA is not a new refugee claim — it’s a separate review focused on whether your circumstances have changed since your claim was decided, or whether new evidence shows serious risks upon return.
Statutory TextA person who has been refused refugee protection may apply for a pre-removal risk assessment.
— Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, s. 112 — Pre-removal risk assessment
What to Do
Wait until you receive a written refusal of your refugee claim and a removal order.
Apply for a PRRA within 15 days of receiving the notice that you’re eligible — unless you’re subject to a security certificate or designated foreign national rules (then different timelines apply).
Complete and submit the PRRA application package, including supporting documents and evidence of risk.
Attend any interview or provide further information if requested by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
Wait for IRCC’s decision — if positive, you may get permanent resident status; if negative, removal may proceed.
Sources
Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: 2026-06-08.