Must a company notify me after a data breach involving my personal data?

How the answer differs across 11 jurisdictions

The Short Answer

If a company in Canada suffers a data breach exposing your personal information, it must report the breach to the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada and notify you if there's a real risk of significant harm.

72 hours
Report deadline
Real risk
Harm threshold
PIPEDA
Governing law
Federal
Jurisdiction level
AustraliaFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, if the breach is likely to result in serious harm to you, the company must notify you and the OAIC within 30 days under Australia’s Notifiable Data Breaches (NDB) scheme.

30 days
Notification deadline
Serious harm
Threshold for notification
OAIC
Regulator notified
APP 11
Relevant Privacy Principle
The Short Answer

If a data breach exposes your personal information in Ireland, the controller must notify the Data Protection Commission (DPC) within 72 hours and inform you without undue delay if the breach is likely to result in a high risk to your rights and freedoms.

72 hours
Notification to DPC
Without delay
Notification to you
High risk
Threshold for your notice
Act No. 7/2018
Governing law
SingaporeFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, organisations in Singapore must notify the PDPC of a data breach that poses a risk of significant harm to affected individuals or is likely to materially affect the public interest.

3 days
Notification deadline
s. 26D
Relevant section
PDPA 2012
Governing law
Risk of harm
Trigger condition
European UnionFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, under EU law, a company must notify you without undue delay if a data breach is likely to result in a high risk to your rights and freedoms.

72 hours
Notification deadline to authorities
Without delay
Notification to affected individuals
High risk
Threshold for individual notice
GDPR
Governing regulation
The Short Answer

Under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDPA), a data fiduciary must notify the Data Protection Board of India and affected individuals without undue delay upon becoming aware of a personal data breach that is likely to cause harm.

Within 72h
Reporting deadline
₹250 cr
Max penalty
100% harm
Threshold for notification
Board + persons
Who must be notified
South KoreaFull article
The Short Answer

In South Korea, personal information controllers must notify the Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC) and affected individuals without delay—within 72 hours of becoming aware of a data breach—if the breach poses a risk of harm.

72 hours
Notification deadline
5M KRW
Max fine for failure
10 years
Max imprisonment
PIPC
Oversight authority
The Short Answer

Yes, you may be entitled to compensation for distress caused by a data breach in the UK, even without financial loss, if the breach resulted from a controller’s failure to comply with UK GDPR or the Data Protection Act 2018.

£0 loss OK
No financial loss required
Section 167
DPA 2018 right to compensation
UK GDPR Art 82
Right to non-material damage
2 months
ICO complaint window
US-CaliforniaFull article
The Short Answer

If your personal data is breached, a company in California must notify you without unreasonable delay, generally within 45 days, and provide specific information about the breach, including what data was exposed and what the company is doing to fix it.

45 days
Notification deadline
$1,000
Max civil penalty per violation
30 days
Notice to AG if >500 residents affected
12 months
Credit monitoring required if SSN/ID exposed
US-New YorkFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, New York law requires companies to notify you within a reasonable time after discovering a data breach involving your private information.

1–30 days
Typical notification window
500+ people
Threshold for state AG notice
Private info
Trigger for notification
72 hours
For credit reporting agencies (if >5k NY residents)
The Short Answer

In Japan, businesses must report personal data breaches to the Personal Information Protection Commission (PPC) without delay if the breach poses a risk of harm to individuals’ rights or interests. Notification to affected individuals is also required in certain cases.

72 hours
Reporting deadline to PPC
100+ persons
Threshold for public disclosure
APPI s. 23
Main reporting provision
2023 amendment
Key update year

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Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.