GermanyWhat are the notice periods for employment termination?
In Germany, standard notice periods range from 2 weeks during probation to up to 7 months for employees with 20+ years of service — depending on tenure and employer size.
What the Law Says
German law sets mandatory minimum notice periods for ending employment relationships, balancing employer flexibility with employee protection. These rules apply unless modified by collective bargaining agreements or specific exemptions.
The baseline notice period is four weeks to the 15th or end of a calendar month — for both employers and employees — unless longer periods apply based on length of service (BGB § 622(1)).
Employers must give longer notice as an employee’s tenure increases: one month after 2 years, two months after 5 years, three months after 8 years, four months after 10 years, five months after 12 years, six months after 15 years, and seven months after 20 years — all ending on the last day of a calendar month (BGB § 622(2)).
During a valid probation period (up to 6 months), either party may terminate with just two weeks’ notice (BGB § 622(3)).
Collective bargaining agreements (Tarifverträge) can override these rules — and their terms may even apply to non-union employers if expressly agreed upon (BGB § 622(4)).
Individual contracts may shorten the standard 4-week notice only in narrow cases: for temporary auxiliary staff (not exceeding 3 months), or for employers with fewer than 20 employees — provided the notice remains at least 4 weeks (BGB § 622(5)). Part-time workers count fractionally toward the 20-employee threshold.
Crucially, any individually agreed notice period for the employee cannot be longer than the employer’s — ensuring fairness in termination rights (BGB § 622(6)).
Statutory TextDas Arbeitsverhältnis eines Arbeiters oder eines Angestellten (Arbeitnehmers) kann mit einer Frist von vier Wochen zum Fünfzehnten oder zum Ende eines Kalendermonats gekündigt werden.
— BGB § 622(1) — German Civil Code
Statutory TextFür eine Kündigung durch den Arbeitgeber beträgt die Kündigungsfrist, wenn das Arbeitsverhältnis in dem Betrieb oder Unternehmen zwei Jahre bestanden hat, einen Monat zum Ende eines Kalendermonats, fünf Jahre bestanden hat, zwei Monate zum Ende eines Kalendermonats, acht Jahre bestanden hat, drei Monate zum Ende eines Kalendermonats, zehn Jahre bestanden hat, vier Monate zum Ende eines Kalendermonats, zwölf Jahre bestanden hat, fünf Monate zum Ende eines Kalendermonats, 15 Jahre bestanden hat, sechs Monate zum Ende eines Kalendermonats, 20 Jahre bestanden hat, sieben Monate zum Ende eines Kalendermonats.
— BGB § 622(2) — German Civil Code
Statutory TextWährend einer vereinbarten Probezeit, längstens für die Dauer von sechs Monaten, kann das Arbeitsverhältnis mit einer Frist von zwei Wochen gekündigt werden.
— BGB § 622(3) — German Civil Code
What Courts Have Said
German labor courts strictly enforce statutory notice periods and procedural requirements — especially regarding works council involvement and formal validity.
The Federal Labor Court confirmed that ordinary dismissal requires strict compliance with notice periods under BGB § 622 and mandatory prior consultation with the works council where applicable; failure to consult invalidates the termination.
What to Do
Check your employment contract and any applicable collective agreement to confirm which notice rules apply.
Calculate your exact length of service — notice periods increase automatically at statutory tenure thresholds.
Ensure written termination is delivered before the deadline — notice periods run from the date of receipt, not mailing.
If you’re in probation, verify the start date and maximum 6-month limit — two-week notice only applies within that window.
Consult a labor lawyer if your employer proposes a shorter notice than legally required — individual agreements shortening notice are rarely valid.
Sources
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Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.
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