Germany

What is an index-linked rent in Germany?

1 year
Minimum duration between rent adjustments
2 months
Minimum notice period before new rent takes effect
100%
Maximum allowable deviation from official index — any disadvantageous agreement is void
§ 557b(2)
Section prohibiting rent increases under § 558 during index rent period
The Short Answer

An index-linked rent (Indexmiete) is a type of rent in Germany that automatically adjusts based on changes in the official consumer price index for private households, as published by the Federal Statistical Office. It must be agreed in writing and can only change once per year, with adjustments taking effect no earlier than the start of the second month after the landlord’s written notice reaches the tenant.

What the Law Says

German law allows landlords and tenants to agree in advance on a rent that changes automatically over time—called an 'index-linked rent' (Indexmiete). This mechanism ties rent to inflation, using an official government index rather than subjective or arbitrary adjustments.

Unlike standard rent increases—which require justification, comparison to local market rates (Mietpreisbremse), and strict procedural rules—an index-linked rent operates under its own simplified legal framework. It is governed exclusively by BGB § 557b, which sets out mandatory conditions for validity and enforcement.

To be legally valid, an index-linked rent agreement must be made in writing (not just verbally or implied). It must refer specifically to the official consumer price index for all private households in Germany, as published by the Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistical Office). No other index—such as wage indices or regional cost-of-living measures—may be used unless it is expressly authorized by law (which it is not).

Once in place, the rent cannot be changed more frequently than once every 12 months—even if the index rises multiple times in a year. Also, the landlord may not use the regular rent-increase procedure under § 558 (the so-called 'comparable rent' method) while an index clause is active. This protects tenants from overlapping or double increases.

When adjusting the rent, the landlord must issue a formal declaration in 'Textform'—a German legal term meaning written form that includes a clear, traceable record (e.g., email, letter, or SMS with sender identification). The notice must state both the exact change in the index and the resulting new rent amount (or the euro increase). The new rent only becomes due at the beginning of the *second month after* the tenant receives this notice.

Statutory Text

Die Vertragsparteien können schriftlich vereinbaren, dass die Miete durch den vom Statistischen Bundesamt ermittelten Preisindex für die Lebenshaltung aller privaten Haushalte in Deutschland bestimmt wird (Indexmiete).

BGB § 557b(1) — German Civil Code
Statutory Text

Während der Geltung einer Indexmiete muss die Miete, von Erhöhungen nach den §§ 559 bis 560 abgesehen, jeweils mindestens ein Jahr unverändert bleiben. Eine Erhöhung nach § 558 ist ausgeschlossen.

BGB § 557b(2) — German Civil Code
Statutory Text

Eine Änderung der Miete nach Absatz 1 muss durch Erklärung in Textform geltend gemacht werden. Dabei sind die eingetretene Änderung des Preisindexes sowie die jeweilige Miete oder die Erhöhung in einem Geldbetrag anzugeben. Die geänderte Miete ist mit Beginn des übernächsten Monats nach dem Zugang der Erklärung zu entrichten.

BGB § 557b(3) — German Civil Code
Statutory Text

Eine zum Nachteil des Mieters abweichende Vereinbarung ist unwirksam.

BGB § 557b(5) — German Civil Code

What to Do

1

Ensure any index-linked rent clause is included in your written lease—and verify it explicitly names the official consumer price index (Verbraucherpreisindex für alle privaten Haushalte) published by the Statistisches Bundesamt.

2

If you receive a rent adjustment notice, check that it states the exact index change, the new rent (or euro increase), and was sent in Textform (e.g., signed letter or identifiable email).

3

Confirm the new rent does not take effect earlier than the start of the second full month after you received the notice—for example, if you get it on 15 March, the new rent starts 1 May.

4

If the clause tries to override statutory protections (e.g., shortening the one-year waiting period or allowing § 558 increases), it is void under BGB § 557b(5).

Sources

Related Questions

Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.