Germany

What can I do if my neighbor’s tree roots damage my property in Germany?

14 days
Typical reasonable deadline
No liability
If roots cause no impairment
1x/year
Required tree inspection
Self-help allowed
Root/branch cutting right
The Short Answer

You may legally cut encroaching roots yourself—but only after giving your neighbor a reasonable deadline to act, and only if the roots actually impair your property use.

What the Law Says

German civil law gives property owners limited but clear rights when a neighbor’s tree roots intrude onto their land—and potentially cause damage.

Under BGB § 910, you have a statutory right to cut roots (and overhanging branches) that cross the property boundary — but only if they interfere with your use of the land. This is called the 'right of self-help' (Selbsthilferecht).

Crucially, this right is not automatic: you must first give the tree owner a reasonable deadline (often interpreted by courts as 14 days) to remove the roots themselves. If they fail to act within that time, you may cut the roots — but only up to the property line, and without harming the health or stability of the tree.

The law explicitly denies this right if the roots or branches cause no actual impairment — for example, if they grow underground without cracking foundations, blocking drains, or damaging walls.

Statutory Text

Der Eigentümer eines Grundstücks kann Wurzeln eines Baumes oder eines Strauches, die von einem Nachbargrundstück eingedrungen sind, abschneiden und behalten. Das Gleiche gilt von herüberragenden Zweigen, wenn der Eigentümer dem Besitzer des Nachbargrundstücks eine angemessene Frist zur Beseitigung bestimmt hat und die Beseitigung nicht innerhalb der Frist erfolgt.

BGB § 910 — German Civil Code
Statutory Text

Dem Eigentümer steht dieses Recht nicht zu, wenn die Wurzeln oder die Zweige die Benutzung des Grundstücks nicht beeinträchtigen.

BGB § 910 — German Civil Code

What Courts Have Said

German courts have clarified the limits of self-help and the responsibilities of tree owners — especially regarding damage prevention and proportionality.

BGH V ZR 33/21
Bundesgerichtshof, 5. Zivilsenat · 2022

A property owner may cut encroaching roots or branches only after setting a reasonable deadline; self-help does not permit damaging the tree itself — e.g., poisoning, girdling, or cutting structural roots.

BGH V ZR 354/19
Bundesgerichtshof, 5. Zivilsenat · 2021

Tree owners are liable for damage caused by falling trees or root-related harm if they neglected basic duty of care — including at least one visual inspection per year for signs of disease, rot, or instability.

What to Do

1

Document the damage (photos, expert report on root intrusion and impact)

2

Send written notice to your neighbor naming the issue and setting a reasonable deadline (e.g., 14 days) to remove the roots

3

If they don’t act, cut only the roots crossing your boundary — avoid harming the tree’s stability

4

If damage is severe (e.g., cracked foundation), consult a lawyer about claiming compensation under § 823 BGB (tort liability)

Sources

Related Questions

Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.