India

The accident was partly my fault. Can I still claim?

Section 11
Motor Vehicles Act
Proportional
Compensation reduction
2019
Amendment year
No bar
To claiming
The Short Answer

Yes, you can still claim compensation in India even if the accident was partly your fault, as courts apply 'contributory negligence' and reduce compensation proportionally.

What the Law Says

Indian law recognises that accidents may involve fault on both sides, and does not completely disallow claims just because the injured person contributed to the harm.

Under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (as amended in 2019), courts assess liability by considering the degree of fault of all parties. Section 11 of the Fatal Accidents Act, 1855 — though older — remains relevant for determining damages where death results from negligence involving shared fault.

The principle of contributory negligence is applied: if the claimant’s own negligence contributed to the injury, compensation is reduced in proportion to their share of responsibility — not denied outright.

Statutory Text

Where death is caused by wrongful act, neglect or default which would have entitled the party injured to maintain an action and recover damages if death had not ensued, the action for damages may be maintained.

Fatal Accidents Act, 1855, s. 1 — Short title and interpretation
Statutory Text

The liability of the owner or driver of a motor vehicle shall not be affected by reason only of the fact that the person who has sustained the injury was guilty of contributory negligence.

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, s. 140 — No. of persons liable

What Courts Have Said

Indian courts consistently hold that partial fault reduces — but does not eliminate — the right to compensation.

Nagappa v. Y.R. Srinivasa Rao
Supreme Court of India · 2022

The Court held that contributory negligence must be proved with evidence; mere assumption is insufficient, and reduction in compensation must reflect actual degree of fault.

Rajesh Kumar v. Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd.
National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission · 2020

Awarded 60% of claimed compensation after finding the claimant 40% contributorily negligent for crossing mid-block without looking.

What to Do

1

Gather evidence (photos, witness statements, FIR, medical reports) showing extent of your injuries and others’ fault.

2

File a claim before the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) or consumer forum within 2 years of the accident.

3

Clearly state facts — do not admit full fault; let tribunal determine apportionment of negligence.

4

Engage a lawyer familiar with MACT procedures to argue proportional liability and maximise fair compensation.

Sources

Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: 2026-06-08.