JapanWhat is contribution share? Considered in inheritance?
Contribution share (kōkenbun) is an additional portion of the estate given to an heir who significantly supported the deceased during their lifetime. It is considered in inheritance under Japan’s Civil Code.
What the Law Says
Japanese law recognizes 'contribution share' (kōkenbun) as a special entitlement for heirs who provided substantial care or financial support to the deceased before death. It adjusts the statutory inheritance shares to reflect fairness based on contribution.
Under Article 904-2 of the Japanese Civil Code, an heir who made significant contributions—such as nursing, managing property, or financially supporting the deceased—may claim a contribution share from the estate.
This share is not a separate inheritance right but a monetary adjustment deducted from other heirs’ shares (or added to the claimant’s share), calculated based on the value of the contribution.
The claim must be made within 10 years from the start of inheritance proceedings, and only heirs—not third parties—may assert it.
The contribution share does not change the legal order of succession or disinherit anyone; it merely reallocates portions of the estate among heirs.
Statutory TextAn heir who has made special contributions to the maintenance or increase of the decedent’s property may, in consideration thereof, receive a contribution share from the estate.
— Civil Code, s. 904-2 — Contribution Share
Statutory TextThe contribution share shall be satisfied by reduction of the shares of the other co-heirs.
— Civil Code, s. 904-2 — Contribution Share
What to Do
Confirm you are a legal heir under the Civil Code.
Gather evidence of your contribution (e.g., medical records, receipts, witness statements).
File a written claim for contribution share with other heirs before division of the estate.
If agreement cannot be reached, apply to family court for determination within 10 years of inheritance commencement.
Sources
Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: 2026-06-08.