JapanConsolation money for defamation?
In Japan, victims of defamation may claim consolation money (damages) under the Civil Code. The amount depends on severity, intent, and impact, with no fixed statutory cap.
What the Law Says
Japanese law allows victims of defamation to seek monetary compensation—commonly called 'consolation money' (isharyō)—for mental distress and reputational harm. This right arises from general tort liability provisions in the Civil Code.
Defamation is treated as a tort under Article 709 of the Civil Code, which holds a person liable for damages if they intentionally or negligently infringe another's rights or legally protected interests.
Reputation is recognized as a 'legally protected interest,' so false statements that damage a person’s social standing may trigger liability.
Courts assess consolation money based on factors including the defamatory statement’s content, reach (e.g., publication method and audience size), perpetrator’s intent or negligence, victim’s status, and actual harm suffered.
There is no statutory formula or upper limit for consolation money in defamation cases—the amount is determined case by case.
Statutory TextA person who has intentionally or negligently infringed upon the rights of others shall be liable to compensate for the damage thereby caused.
— Civil Code, Art. 709 — Liability for Tort
What to Do
Gather evidence of the defamatory statement (e.g., screenshots, recordings, witness statements).
Document harm caused (e.g., job loss, social ostracism, medical records showing stress or depression).
Send a written demand for apology and/or compensation to the perpetrator (not mandatory but often precedes litigation).
File a civil lawsuit at the competent district court within 3 years from when you knew of the damage and the perpetrator (Civil Code Art. 724).
Sources
Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: 2026-06-09.