JapanWho has the repair obligation - landlord or tenant?
In Japan, the landlord generally bears the obligation to repair the leased property unless damage is caused by the tenant’s intentional act or negligence.
What the Law Says
Japanese civil law clearly assigns responsibility for repairs in lease agreements between landlords and tenants.
Under the Japanese Civil Code, the landlord is legally obligated to maintain and repair the leased property so it remains fit for its intended use throughout the lease term.
This duty applies even if the lease agreement tries to shift all repair responsibilities to the tenant — such clauses are invalid if they violate the landlord’s statutory duty.
However, if damage results from the tenant’s intentional act or negligence, the tenant must bear the cost of repairs under a separate provision.
Statutory TextThe lessor shall bear the expenses necessary for the repair of the leased property.
— Civil Code, s. 606 — Obligation of lessor to repair
Statutory TextIf the lessee causes loss to the leased property through intentional act or negligence, the lessee shall bear the expenses necessary for its repair.
— Civil Code, s. 607 — Lessee’s liability for loss
What to Do
Review your lease agreement to identify any clauses about repairs — but remember: statutory obligations override unfair terms.
Notify your landlord promptly in writing if repairs are needed due to normal wear or structural issues.
If damage was caused by your own negligence or intentional act, arrange or pay for necessary repairs.
Keep records (photos, messages, receipts) to support your position if a dispute arises.
Sources
Same Question, Other Jurisdictions
South KoreaNot legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: 2026-06-09.