Penalty for driving without compulsory insurance?

What the Law Says

Japan requires all motor vehicle operators to carry compulsory automobile liability insurance (Jibaiseki Hoken) under the Automobile Liability Security Act. Failure to comply is a criminal offense with strict penalties.

The Automobile Liability Security Act makes it illegal to drive a motor vehicle on public roads without valid compulsory insurance. This requirement applies to all registered motor vehicles, including cars, motorcycles, and trucks — regardless of age, use, or ownership.

The law does not allow exceptions for short trips, temporary use, or vehicles kept in storage but still registered. There is no grace period after insurance expires — coverage must be continuous.

Penalties are imposed strictly: the offense is punishable by imprisonment with work for up to one year, a fine of up to ¥500,000, or both. Police may also suspend or revoke the driver’s license and impound the vehicle.

Statutory Text

Any person who drives a motor vehicle on a road without having entered into an automobile liability security contract… shall be punished by imprisonment with work for not more than one year or a fine of not more than five hundred thousand yen.

— Automobile Liability Security Act, s. 9 — Penalty for failure to enter into automobile liability security contract

Statutory Text

The term 'motor vehicle' means a vehicle propelled by machinery and used for transport on roads, as defined in the Road Traffic Act.

— Automobile Liability Security Act, s. 2(1) — Definition

What to Do

Sources