Is car insurance mandatory?

How the answer differs across 9 jurisdictions

The Short Answer

Yes, car insurance is mandatory in Germany for all vehicles regularly or ordinarily stationed in the country.

100% required
Coverage mandate
€7.5M min.
Personal injury limit
€1M min.
Property damage limit
Immediate
Effective upon registration
The Short Answer

Yes, third-party motor insurance is compulsory for all vehicles used on public roads in Ireland.

100% required
Coverage mandate
Public roads
Scope of application
All vehicles
Covered vehicles
s. 56
Legal section
SingaporeFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, you can still claim compensation through the Motor Insurers' Bureau of Singapore (MIBS) if the at-fault driver is uninsured, as required by law.

MIBS Fund
Compensation source
3 years
Claim deadline
Cap. 189
Governing Act
s. 3
Legal basis
European UnionFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, car insurance is mandatory in all EU countries for all vehicles used on public roads, covering at least third-party liability.

100% of EU stat
Mandatory coverage
€1M minimum
Liability cover (varies)
3 months
Grace period for non-residents
Directive 2009/
EU law basis
The Short Answer

Third-party insurance is mandatory for all motor vehicles in India under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. It covers liability for death, injury, or property damage caused to others.

Mandatory
Legal status
₹15 lakh
Property damage cover
No limit
Injury/death cover
1 year
Policy validity
The Short Answer

Yes, it is compulsory to have at least third-party car insurance in the UK if you drive or keep a vehicle on a public road.

£300 fine
Fixed penalty
6–8 points
Penalty points
Unlimited
Court fine
12 months
Driving ban
US-CaliforniaFull article
The Short Answer

In California, you must carry minimum auto insurance of $15,000 for injury/death to one person, $30,000 for injury/death to more than one person, and $5,000 for property damage.

$15,000
Per person injury
$30,000
Per accident injury
$5,000
Property damage
30 days
Proof deadline
US-New YorkFull article
The Short Answer

In New York, you must carry minimum liability insurance coverage of $25,000 for bodily injury per person, $50,000 per accident, and $10,000 for property damage.

$25,000
Bodily injury per person
$50,000
Bodily injury per accident
$10,000
Property damage
30 days
Grace period for new residents
The Short Answer

Driving without compulsory automobile liability insurance (Jibaiseki Hoken) in Japan is illegal and punishable by up to 1 year imprisonment or a fine of up to ¥500,000 — or both.

¥500,000
Maximum fine
1 year
Max imprisonment
Mandatory
Insurance type
30 days
Grace period? None

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Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.