What protection is available for domestic violence victims?

How the answer differs across 12 jurisdictions

The Short Answer

Domestic violence victims in Germany can obtain immediate court-ordered protection, including eviction of the abuser from the shared home and bans on contact or proximity.

Immediate
Order issuance
2 years
Max initial duration
3 years
Max extension period
Up to €5,000
Fine for violation
The Short Answer

No, a parent cannot unilaterally deny the other parent access to the children unless a court order permits it or there is an immediate risk to the child’s safety. Access rights are determined by what is in the child’s best interests under the Divorce Act.

s. 16
Divorce Act section
Best interests
Legal standard
Court order req
Access restriction rule
1993
Young v. Young year
AustraliaFull article
The Short Answer

You can apply for a Domestic Violence Order (DVO) or Apprehended Violence Order (AVO), depending on your state or territory — these legally prohibit your ex-partner from contacting, approaching, or threatening you.

24/7 police
Emergency response
Free applicatio
No court fee
Up to 2 years
Standard order length
Immediate
Interim orders available
The Short Answer

You can apply for a safety order in the District Court if you are in a domestic relationship with the respondent and fear further violence. The order prohibits the respondent from using violence, threatening you, or contacting you.

District Court
Where to apply
No fee
Application cost
Up to 5 years
Order duration
Emergency
Interim orders available
SingaporeFull article
The Short Answer

You can apply for a Personal Protection Order (PPO) under the Women's Charter by filing an application at the Family Justice Courts — no lawyer is required, and urgent interim orders can be granted within 24 hours.

24 hours
Interim PPO timeframe
No fee
Filing fee waived
Section 65
Legal basis
Family Court
Where to apply
The Short Answer

You can apply for a protection order under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 by filing an application before the Magistrate. The court must dispose of it within 60 days and may grant interim relief immediately.

60 days
Decision deadline
No fee
Filing cost
24 hours
Emergency relief
Section 12
Application provision
South KoreaFull article
The Short Answer

You can apply for a domestic violence protection order at your local district court or through the police. The court must decide within 48 hours, and the order can last up to 6 months.

48 hours
Court decision deadline
6 months
Max order duration
Free
Filing fee
No lawyer neede
Self-filing allowed
The Short Answer

Yes, you can apply for a non-molestation order if you're experiencing domestic abuse and have a qualifying relationship with the abuser. The order can prohibit harassment, threats, or violence and is enforceable by arrest.

Up to 5 years
Maximum prison sentence for breach
Free
Court fee exemption for victims
24 hours
Emergency orders possible
18+
Applicant age requirement
US FederalFull article
The Short Answer

Federal law criminalizes interstate domestic violence under 18 U.S.C. § 2261, making it illegal to cross state lines or enter tribal lands to commit domestic violence, stalk, or violate a protection order.

Up to 5 years
Standard prison term
Up to life
If victim dies
Crosses state l
Key jurisdiction trigger
Tribal lands
Also covered
US-CaliforniaFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, you can get a domestic violence restraining order (DVRO) against your spouse in California if you have suffered abuse or reasonably fear future abuse.

10 days
Temporary order duration
5 years
Max initial DVRO term
$0
Filing fee waived
24/7
Emergency police response
US-New YorkFull article
The Short Answer

Yes, you can get an order of protection against a family member in New York if they are a qualifying 'family or household member' and you meet the legal criteria for abuse or harassment.

2 years
Criminal order duration
1 year
Civil order max
No fee
Filing cost
24 hrs
Emergency order
The Short Answer

A protection order in Japan is a court order that prohibits a domestic violence (DV) perpetrator from contacting, approaching, or harming the victim, and can also require them to leave the shared residence.

2 weeks
Filing deadline after DV
6 months
Standard duration
100,000 JPY
Max fine for violation
1 year
Max imprisonment for violation

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Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.