Germany

Can Landlords Evict Without Cause in a Two-Family House?

2
Maximum number of apartments allowed in the building
3 months
Extended notice period beyond standard term
1
Required statement in the termination letter: that it relies on § 573a(1) or (2)
100%
Invalidity of any clause waiving tenant rights under § 573a(4)
The Short Answer

Yes — in Germany, a landlord may terminate a tenancy without stating a reason if they live in one of the two apartments in the building, but only under strict conditions and with an extended notice period.

What the Law Says

German law allows special termination rights for landlords who live in small, owner-occupied buildings — but only under narrow, clearly defined conditions.

Under German tenancy law, landlords normally need a 'legitimate interest' (berechtigtes Interesse) to terminate a residential lease — for example, personal use, sale of the property, or serious breach by the tenant. However, BGB § 573a creates an exception for very small buildings.

This exception applies only to buildings with no more than two residential units — and only if the landlord lives in one of them. In such cases, the landlord may terminate the lease without proving a legitimate interest. This is called 'erleichterte Kündigung' (simplified termination).

But this right comes with important safeguards for tenants: the statutory notice period is automatically extended by three months beyond the standard notice period (e.g., from three to six months if the standard is three). Also, the termination letter must explicitly state that it is based on § 573a(1) or (2). Any attempt to waive these protections in the lease — for example, by agreeing to shorter notice or skipping the required statement — is legally void.

Statutory Text

Ein Mietverhältnis über eine Wohnung in einem vom Vermieter selbst bewohnten Gebäude mit nicht mehr als zwei Wohnungen kann der Vermieter auch kündigen, ohne dass es eines berechtigten Interesses im Sinne des § 573 bedarf. Die Kündigungsfrist verlängert sich in diesem Fall um drei Monate.

BGB § 573a(1) — German Civil Code
Statutory Text

In dem Kündigungsschreiben ist anzugeben, dass die Kündigung auf die Voraussetzungen des Absatzes 1 oder 2 gestützt wird.

BGB § 573a(3) — German Civil Code
Statutory Text

Eine zum Nachteil des Mieters abweichende Vereinbarung ist unwirksam.

BGB § 573a(4) — German Civil Code

What to Do

1

Confirm whether the building has exactly two residential units and whether the landlord occupies one as their primary residence.

2

Check the termination letter: it must explicitly cite § 573a(1) or (2); if it doesn’t, the termination is invalid.

3

Calculate the correct notice period — it must be at least three months longer than the standard period stated in the lease or law.

4

If the landlord tries to enforce an agreement that shortens notice or waives § 573a rights, know that such terms are automatically void under § 573a(4).

Sources

Related Questions

Not legal advice. This article is general information based on publicly available sources, written for educational purposes. Laws change and individual situations vary. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here. Last reviewed: June 2026.